Resorcinol
1,3-Benzendiol, CI 76505 CAS Registry Number 108-46-3 Resorcinol is used in hairdressing as a modifier or a coupler of the PPD group of dyes. It is the least frequent sensitizer in hairdressers. It is also used in resins, in skin treatment mixtures, and for tanning. Severe cases of dermatitis due to resorcinol contained in wart preparations have been reported. Barbaud A, Modiano P, Cocciale M, Reichert S, Schmutz JL 1996 The topical application of resorcinol can provoke a systemic allergic...
H 1
lodopropynyl butylcarbamate IPBC is a broad-spectrum preservative used for years because of its wide field of application, in polymer emulsions and pigment dispersions such as water-based paints and adhesives, cements and inks, as a wood preservative, in metalworking fluids, in household products and in cosmetics. Allergic contact dermatitis to IPBC was reported due to cosmetics, from sanitary wipes, and in metalworkers. Badreshia S, Marks JG Jr 2002 lodopropynyl butylcarbamate. Am J Contact...
Acrylates And Chalazion
Kanerva L, Lauerma A, Estlander T, Alanko K, Henriks-Eckerman ML, Jolanki R 1996 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by photobonded sculptured nails and a review of meth acrylates in nail cosmetics. Am J Contact Dermat 7 109-115 Kiec-Swierczynska MK 1996 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis due to acrylates in Lodz. Contact Dermatitis 34 419-422 Rustemeyer T, Frosch PJ 1996 Occupational skin diseases in dental laboratory technicians. I . Clinical picture and causative factors....
PolyvinylpyrrolidoneIodine PVPIodine
Povidone-iodine is iodophor, used as a topical antiseptic. A 10 povidone-iodine solution contains 1 available iodine, but free-iodine is at 0.1 concentration. Skin exposure causes irritant rather than allergic contact dermatitis. In such a situation however, iodine seems to be the true hapten. Lachapelle JM 2005 Allergic contact dermatitis from povidone-iodine a re-evaluation study. Contact Dermatitis 52 9-10 Tosti A, Vincenzi C, Bardazzi F, Mariani R 1990 Allergic contact dermatitis due to...
Propanediol
Propylene glycol is used as a solvent, a vehicle for topical medicaments such as corticosteroids or aciclovir, an emulsifier and humectant in food and cosmetics, and as antifreeze in breweries, in the manufactures of resins. It was present as an occupational sensi- tizer in the color film developer Flexicolor . Patch tests in aqua are sometimes irritant. Claverie F, Giordano-Labadie F, Bazex J 1997 Ecz ma de contact au propyl ne glycol. Ann Dermatol Venereol 124 315-317 Connoly M, Buckley DA...
Octocrilene
Octocrylene is an anti-UVB filter used in cosmetics that may induce photoallergic contact dermatitis. Carrotte-Lefebvre I, Bonnevalle A, Segard M, Delaporte E, Thomas P 2003 Contact allergy to octocrylene. Contact Dermatitis 48 46-47 Octyl gallate, a gallate ester E 311 , is an antioxidant added to foods and cosmetics to prevent oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Cases were sparsely reported in food industry or from lipsticks. Patch tests are frequently irritant. De Groot AC, Gerkens F 1990...
R34DimethoxyDalbergione
This quinone is the main allergen of Machaerium scleroxylum Tul. Santos rosewood, Pao ferro, Caviuna vermelha, Santos palis-sander . Occupational sensitization mainly concerns woodworkers. Chieregato C,Vincenzi C, Guerra L, Rapacchiale S 1993 Occupational airborne contact dermatitis from Machaerium scleroxylum Santos rosewood . Contact Dermatitis 29 164-165 Lamminp A, Estlander T, Jolanki R, Kanerva L 1996 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by decorative plants. Contact Dermatitis...
N Eco
MCI is mainly associated with methylisothiazolinone for its bactericidal and fongistatic properties. It is found in Kathon CG or derivatives. MCI is found in water-based products such as cosmetics, paints, and glues. Pure MCI is highly irritant and may cause active sensitization. Nielsen H 1994 Occupational exposure to isothiazolinones. A study based on a product register. Contact Dermatitis 31 18-21 Schubert H 1997 Airborne contact dermatitis due to methylchloro- and methylisothiazolinone MCI...
N Jua
Hydralazine Hydrochloride CAS Registry Number 304-20-1 Hydralazine is a hydrazine derivative used as a antihypertensive drug. Skin rashes have been described during treatment. Exposure occurs mainly in the pharmaceutical industry. Cross-sensitivity is frequent with hydrazine, which is considered to be a potent sensi-tizer. Pereira F, Dias M, Pacheco FA 1996 Occupational contact dermatitis from propranolol, hydralazine, and bendroflumethiazide. Contact Dermatitis 35 303-304 Hydrangenol is the...
A3Carene
Hydroperoxides of A-3-carene are allergens contained in turpentine. Occupational exposure occurs in painters, varnishers, or in ceramic decoration. The percentage of A-3-carene is higher in Indonesian than in Portuguese turpentine. Lear JT, Heagerty AHM, Tan BB, Smith AG, English JSC 1996 Transient re-emergence of oil turpentine allergy in the pottery industry. Contact Dermatitis 35 169-172
Dithianone
Dithianone is an anthraquinone derivative, used as a fungicide agent. With cymoxanil, it is contained in Aktuan . Cases in agricultural workers were reported sparsely. Koch P 1996 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis and airborne contact dermatitis from 5 fungicides in a vineyard worker. Cross-reactions between fungicides of the dithiocarbamate group Contact Dermatitis
Cocamide DEA Coconut Oil Fatty Acids Diethanolamide NNbis2HydroxyethylCoco
Cocamide DEA, manufactured from coconut oil, is widely used in industry and at home as a surface-active agent. It is contained in hand gels, hand washing soaps, shampoos, and dish-washing liquids for its foam-producing and stabilizing properties, and in metalworking fluids and polishing agents as an anticorrosion inhibitor. Fowler JF Jr 1998 Allergy to cocamide DEA.Am J Contact Dermat 9 40-41 Kanerva L, Jolanki R, Estlander T 1993 Dentist's occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by...
Info Lsd
CAS Registry Number 97-54-1 c s-isoeugenol Isoeugenol is a mixture of two cis and trans isomers. It occurs in ylang-ylang and other essential oils. It is a common allergen of perfumes and cosmetics such as deodorants, and is contained in fragrance mix. Its presence in cosmetics is indicated in the INGREDIENTS series. Substitution by esters such as isoeugenyl acetate not indicated on the package does not always resolve the allergenic problem, because of the in vivo hydrolysis of the substitute...
BetaPinene
Nopinene,Terebenthene CAS Registry Number 127-91-3 Beta-pinene is a component of turpentine. Concentrations vary with the source, and seem higher in European Portuguese than in Asian Indonesian turpentine. Lear JT, Heagerty AHM, Tan BB, Smith AG, English JSC 1996 Transient re-emergence of oil turpentine allergy in the pottery industry. Contact Dermatitis 35 169-172
AlphaPinene
CAS Registry Numbers 80-56-8 , 2437-95-8 Alpha-pinene is the major constituent of turpentine about 80 . It exists in levogyre form in European turpentine, and in dextro-gyre form in turpentine found in North-Americans. Sensitization occurs mainly in painters, polishers, and varnishers, and in those in the perfume and in the ceramics industry. Lear JT, Heagerty AHM, Tan BB, Smith AG, English JSC 1996 Transient re-emergence of oil turpentine allergy in the pottery industry. Contact Dermatitis 35...
NNDicyclohexyl2Benzothiazole Sulfenamide
This substance is a rubber accelerator of the mercaptobenzo-thiazole-sulfenamide group. Le Coz CJ 2004 Fiche d' viction en cas d'hypersensibilit au mercapto-benzothiazole et au mercapto mix. Ann Dermatol Venereol 131 846-848 Used in peptide chemistry as a coupling reagent. It is both an irritant and a sensitizer, and has caused contact dermatitis in pharmacists and chemists. Poesen N, de Moor A, Busschots A, Dooms-Goossens A 1995 Contact allergy to dicyclohexyl carbodiimide and diisopropyl...
Info Vib
Ammonium Mercaptoacetate This substance is contained in basic permanent waves solutions and causes contact dermatitis in hairdressers. Frosch PJ, Burrows D, Camarasa JG, Dooms-Goossens A, Ducombs G, Lahti A, Menne T, Rycroft RJG, Shaw S, White IR, Wilkinson JD 19939 Allergic reactions to a hairdresser's series results from 9 European centres. Contact Dermatitis 28 180-183 Guerra L, Tosti A, Bardazzi F, Pigatto P, Lisi P, Santucci B, Valsecchi R, Schena D,Angelini G, Sertoli A,Ayala F, Kokeli F...
Info Ojm
Lamminpaa A, Estlander T, Jolanki R, Kanerva L 1996 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by decorative plants. Contact Dermatitis 34 330-335 Alkyl glucosides are copolymers based on a fatty alcohol and a glucoside polymer, they comprise decyl glucoside, coco glucoside and lauryl dodecyl glucoside in cosmetics, and cetearyl gluco-side as a surfactant and emulsifying agent because of its higher viscosity. Due to their manufacturing processes, they are blends of several copolymers. For...
Dibutylthiourea
1,3-Dibutyl-2-Thiourea CAS Registry Number 109-46-6 Dibutylthiourea is used in the vulcanization of rubber, in paints and glue removers as an anticorrosive,in phonecards as a component of the thermocoating sprayed over the optically read layer of the card.Cross sensitivity to other thiourea derivatives is possible. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R 1994 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by thiourea compounds. Contact Dermatitis 31 242-248 Kiec-Swierczynska M 1995 Occupational...
Ci 11005
Disperse Orange 3 is an azo dye that can induce contact dermatitis in workers in the textile industry. It is positive in a great majority of PPD-positive people, because of hydrolysis in the skin into PPD. Disperse Orange 3 can also be found in some semipermanent hair dyes. Balato N, Lembo G, Patruno C, Ayala F 1990 Prevalence of textile dye contact sensitization. Contact Dermatitis 23 126-127 Conde-Salazar L, Baz M, Guimaraens D, Cannavo A 1995 Contact dermatitis in hairdressers patch test...
Cinnamic Alcohol 3Phenyl2Propenol CAS Registry Number [104541
Cinnamyl alcohol occurs in esterified form in storax, Myroxylon pereirae, cinnamon leaves, and hyacinth oil. It is obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of storax, and prepared synthetically by reducing cinnamal diacetate with iron filings and acetic acid, and from cinnamaldehyde by Meerwein-Ponndorf reduction with aluminum isopropoxide. Cinnamic alcohol is contained in the fragrance mix.As a fragrance allergen, it has to be mentioned by name in cosmetics within the EU. Occupational cases of...
Diethylenetriamine
CAS Registry Number 111-40-0 H Diethylenetriamine is a hardener in epoxy resins of the Bisphenol A type. It has been reported to be a sensitizer when used in an ultrasonic bath for cleaning jewels, in synthetic lubricants or in carbonless copy paper. Holness DL, Nethercott JR 1993 The performance of specialized collections of bisphenol A epoxy resin system components in the evaluation of workers in an occupational health clinic population. Contact Dermatitis 28 216-219 Jolanki R, Kanerva L,...
O Lww
Urethane acrylate gave a positive reaction in a lottery-ticket-coating machine worker sensitized to epoxy acrylate oligomers contained in a UV varnish. Guimaraens D, Gonzalez MA, del Rio E, Conde-Salazar L 1994 Occupational airborne allergic contact dermatitis in the national mint and fiscal-stamp factory. Contact Dermatitis 30 172-173 Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R, Tarvainen K 1993 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to acrylates during work with dental prostheses....
Info Ghi
Sensitization to 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate was reported in dental technicians, with cross-reactivity to methyl methacrylate. Rustemeyer T, Frosch PJ 1996 Occupational skin diseases in dental laboratory technicians. I . Clinical picture and causative factors. Contact Dermatitis 34 125-133 Sensitization to n-butyl acrylate can occur in the dental profession. Daecke C, Schaller J, Goos M 1994 Acrylates as potent allergens in occupational and domestic exposures. Contact Dermatitis 30 190-191...
Dictionary of Contact Allergens Chemical Structures Sources and References
Christophe J. Le Coz, Jean-Pierre Lepoittevin This chapter has been written in order to familiarize the reader with the chemical structure of chemicals implicated in contact dermatitis, mainly as haptens responsible for allergic contact dermatitis. For each molecule, the principal name is used for classification. We have also listed the most important synonym s , the Chemical Abstract Service CAS Registry Number that characterizes the substance, and its chemical structure. The reader will find...